If there was ever a time to invest in adopting/adapting Open Educational Resources (OER) and going Zero Textbook Cost (ZTC), it is now. According to Mélanie Brunet in the University of Ottawa Library OER Program Evaluation Report, “It is estimated that textbooks prices in North America have increased by 150% since January 2000, and several surveys report that more than 50% of students do not purchase required textbooks during their studies due to cost (Florida Virtual Campus, 2022; Inclusive Access & SPARC, 2022; Stephens et al., 2024; Versluis et al., 2017; Vitez & Nagle, 2021). They find other ways to access course materials, sometimes dubiously or even illegally, or they go without altogether, risking their academic success.” And now, the increased threat of tariffs between Canada and the United States is creating fear that the price of books, including textbooks, will continue to rise dramatically, making higher education even less affordable for our students.
I discussed this issue with a group of Open Education supporters during a recent BC Open Education Community meeting, and here is what some of our colleagues at other BC and Canadian post-secondary institutions had to say:
From Columbia College: “Just last week I presented a department with the new price of their main textbook with the tariffs included. There’s a new edition of their textbook coming out this summer, so there are no used copies for students to purchase. That department is now planning to spend the summer working as a group on creating course packs and homework banks to make sure students actually have access to their learning materials. It was really a shock for them to hear how much more it would cost, and they are clear that students just will forgo having that book. The book is Successful College Writing, with the 9th edition coming out for the fall semester, and the list price is $147.99 CAD. We get a discount which works out to almost the same as our freight cost, so we are calculating the 25% on the list price and letting the freight and discount cancel each other out. That comes to $184.98. It has been our practice to add 10-15% to help cover overhead, effectively splitting our discount with our students, which would be $203-212.”
From Vancouver Community College: “Most commercial textbooks are printed in the U.S., which is a major problem for affordability due to the tariffs on goods imported into Canada from the U.S. This will increase the cost of textbooks for students, worsening the unaffordability crisis. I was asked to speak to institutional leadership about textbook affordability and the advantages of OER.”
From Vancouver Island University: “We are planning to host a panel discussion in May with the bookstore and Copyright & Open Licensing Librarian to talk about the opportunities for adopting OER in face of the tariffs.”
From Sask Polytechnic: “Our first-year business programs are converting to OER, due to strategic targeting [right time with tariffs looming.] We approached the business department at the right time with the right elevator pitch and got them to buy in.”
From me: “Remember that the cost of virtually everything (including food, rent, other course-related supplies) will be going up due to tariffs, not just the cost of textbooks. Because students will struggle even more with affordability than usual, they will need OER more than ever!”
And here is a formal statement from the University of Northern BC: “As you may know, the Government of Canada has issued a Notice of Intent to Impose Countermeasures in Response to US Tariffs on Canadian Goods. The 25% retaliatory tariff will take effect April 2nd, 2025, and this will include print books/textbooks. Unfortunately, even Canadian material is often printed and distributed by the US. The tariff will not only impact the UNBC Library’s print book collection but will also increase the cost of textbooks for students. To help our students with these increased costs to their education, we recommend that faculty consider utilizing open educational resources, open textbooks, and/or to work with the UNBC Library to obtain electronic copies (if available). The CTLT and Library can help you navigate and recommend resources for your courses that will keep costs lower for students.”
I would like to challenge faculty members and program teams to examine the price of the textbooks assigned for their courses, compare costs today with last year, and consider what would happen to those costs if 25% tariffs were applied to these books. If you assign only an e-text, that may escape the price hikes of tariffs but remember that students generally have only limited access to those books, and they are often lacking accessibility features required by many students.
Additional information about 2025 tariffs and their potential impact on the price of books
- The Canadian Association of Research Libraries (CARL)’s Response to the Consultation on Proposed Tariffs
- Dependence on U.S. publishing, warehouses and possible retaliatory tariffs have bookstore owners wondering if they will survive, local retailer says (Inside Ottawa Valley)
- Ottawa bookstores warn new Trump tariffs could ‘devastate’ market, force closures (Ottawa Citizen)
- Tariffs aren’t targeting books, but economic chaos is having a chilling effect on N.L. publishers (CBC)
- Retaliatory tariffs could be ‘devastating’ to Canadian book industry: Thunder Bay bookseller (CBC)
- C. bookstores bracing for potentially devastating tariffs (City News)
- A costly chapter: How new tariffs could impact the cost of books (The Concordian)